Effect of Conflict and Military Expenditure on School Performance in South Asia
Abdul Rasheed Sithy Jesmy, Mohd Zaini Abd Karim, Shri Dewi Applanaidu

Introduction
The quality of education, which determines school performances, is accepted as a key pillar of human capital development. However, military expenditure and conflict are enduring concerns and appear to be the main barriers to effective school performance in most of the developing world. This study attempts to examine the effect of conflict and military expenditure on three levels of school performance, namely, school enrolment rate, school completion rate and children out of school rate, in five major countries in South Asia over the period from 1980 to 2013 using panel regression methods. The findings of this study are that conflict and military expenditure create an obvious threat to children’s education in South Asia. Therefore, the government, policy-makers and international educational organizations should take effective measures to increase educational opportunities in conflict affected areas through affirmative ways to minimize conflict which can subsequently decrease military budget.

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