Academic Freedom and State Control on Universities: Lessons Learned from Sudan Experiences
Mohamed Eid Kilase

Abstract
This paper aims to identify the importance of academic freedom in promoting academic process in Sudan. Although the modern history of higher education in Sudan goes back to the era of British rule, higher education in Sudan has a long experience of interaction with politics. Institutions were badly affected by the political climate as well as being instigators of political changes. Thus the paper adopts the historical and analytical view in dealing with the issue of academic freedom and state control on universities. However, higher education in Sudan is likely to be in a continuous state of transition dictated by political, economic and social changes, unless state control is reduced or replaced in favor of academic freedom and universities autonomy. The prospective conclusion of the paper may serve as a helpful guideline for decision makers, academic staff and students, to promote and strength the meaning of academic freedom and universities autonomy.

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