The Support for the Caliphate from Indian Subcontinent to Anatolia and Muhammad Iqbal
Salih PAY

Abstract
Muhammad Iqbal (1873-1938) is an Indian Muslim poet. Indian Muslims is an expression used for Muslims lived together with the Hindus in Indian Subcontinent in South Asia until 20th century. Muslims, until the Geographical discoveries, lived as largely ruling class in this region which Hindu population consists of the majority. Colonization, starting with the appearance of Portuguese in the 15th century, reached the highest point when the British seized the whole dominance of the continent in the middle of 19th century. In the colonial period, Indian Muslim, led by religious scholars and leading figures, on one hand, looked for ways to get rid of British rule, on the other hand they endeavored to help the Ottoman Empire that contains the Caliphate, to stand against the British or other colonial powers. However, on the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, they used all resources to support the National Struggle movement. This paper deals with the interest and activities of Muhammed İqbal as a thinker and poet knew both the East and the West, who put into words the feelings of Indian Muslims in his poems, and motivated all the Indian people including non-Muslims by his speech.

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