Home-Maker and Mother Representations in Advertisements of Pre-State Israel
Shahar Marnin-Distelfeld

Abstract
This article examines representations of the home-maker and mother in advertisements from dailies, women magazines and manuals of pre-state Israel. It is based on about 150 ads which were divided into topic-oriented groups and then analyzed using content analysis and semiotic models. The ads were investigated as cultural texts reflecting ideologies, concepts and norms of its creators as well as of the audience they were aimed at. The findings show four main ideologies embodied in the ads: the ideology of nationalism, the ideology of domesticity, that of Modernism and the ideology of science. In this article, the first two ideologies are presented, followed by analyzed examples of home-makers and mothers’ representations in relation to domestic chores and to family members in the house. Throughout all ideologies, an ambivalent image of the woman is portrayed: a woman exclusively in charge of the household jobs, albeit lacking authority and power.

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